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A ball that contacts the top of the rail is not considered to have been driven off the table if it returns to the playing surface or enters a pocket. After the balls have been racked, the ball in the front of the triangle should be placed on top of the foot spot. A ball is pocketed if it comes to rest in a pocket below the playing surface or enters the ball return system. Players must not use their legs or stumps as a leverage against any part of the table or the wheelchair while playing a shot. The seat pad cannot be bunched up on the seat straddled by the shooter with the shooter’s legs or stumps. If the shooter exceeds the time limit specified for the tournament, a standard foul will be called and the incoming player is rewarded according to the rules applicable to the game being played. A shot on which the cue ball is pocketed is called a scratch.

In some matches, the match is divided into parts called sets, with a certain number of sets won required to win the match. In turn, a certain number of points or racks won is required to win each set. The player can win a frame by scoring the most points by pocketing the red and colored balls with the cue ball. Among other penalties possible are a warning; a standard-foul penalty, which will count as part of a threefoul sequence if applicable; a serious-foul penalty; loss of a rack, set or match; ejection from the competition possibly with forfeiture of all prizes, trophies and standings points. Violations of the above are considered to violate 6.17 Unsportsmanlike Conduct and will typically be penalized as follows: 1st offense, cue ball in hand for the opponent anywhere on the table; 2nd offense, loss of the current game; 3rd offense, loss of the match. Unsportsmanlike conduct is any intentional behavior that brings disrepute to the sport or which disrupts or changes the game to the extent that it cannot be played fairly. The normal penalty for unsportsmanlike conduct is the same as for a serious foul, but the referee may impose a penalty depending on his judgment of the conduct.

If the area referee is asked to determine whether a foul occurred and there is no evidence of the foul except the claim of one player while the other player claims that there was no foul, then it is assumed that no foul occurred. Behind the head string is the area between the head rail and the head string, not including the head string. It happens when the object balls have been racked and the cue ball is played from behind the head string usually with the intent of breaking the rack apart. To touch the head string line means that the edge of the object ball must reach (break) the string line. If a ball stops near the edge of a pocket, and remains apparently motionless for five seconds, it is not considered pocketed if it later falls into the pocket by itself. A ball near the brink of a pocket partly supported by another ball is considered pocketed if removal of the supporting ball would cause the ball to fall into the pocket. If a referee is not present and there are balls obstructing the removal of the Ball Rack Template, the opponent must be the one to remove the Ball Rack Template.

During that five second period, the referee should ensure that no other shot is taken. A break shot is the opening shot of a match or rack, depending on the game. The rack is the framing device, typically triangular, used to arrange the object balls for the break shot at the start of the game. Colors and markings of the object balls are covered under the WPA Equipment Specifications. Some details of exact size and placement are in the WPA Equipment Specifications. What benefits do the athletes receive from the WPA sanction? Afterward, be sure to check out our high-quality pool tables and customization options on our website that include a wide range of designs and styles. A time out can be used to get coaching help. If a player requires assistance to roll around the table, another person may help them, but must not be touching the wheelchair during the actual shot.

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