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How Does Machine Espresso Work?

Machine espresso maker for home makes use of precise pressure and incredible filter technology to produce the coffee and espresso maker we love. But how exactly does it work?

Espresso is made by pushing hot water under pressure through finely ground coffee. The process is similar to making drip coffee, however the main difference lies in the pressure.

The Group Head

As the name implies the group head is where you place your portafilter while brewing espresso. It is responsible for dispersing water into the portafilter and then controlling the pressure of the resulting extraction. There are numerous kinds of group heads each with their own advantages and drawbacks. Some are designed for stability in temperature, while others are built to handle pre-infusion. Others are built to control the lever. There are even some that have a combination of features, like the E61, which is considered the classic choice among many baristas due to its ability to provide multiple benefits in a single package.

As you can see in the image above the group head comes with several notches to place your portafilter and then twist it by hand to secure it. There is also a gasket made of rubber that resides inside the notches and helps create a seal when you insert your portafilter into the machine. The notches allow for the precise placement of the portafilter. This is crucial for an even extraction.

Apart from allowing you easily insert your portafilter, the group head is also responsible for maintaining an even temperature. It does this by cycling hot water through the brew basket, and around the portafilter, ensuring that it is always at the correct temperature for extraction. It is important to realize that even a slight deviation can make the difference between a good and a great espresso.

The Pump

Unlike manual piston machines, that use a lever to pressurize water, rotary espresso machines rely on motorized pumps to provide the nine atmospheric bars of pressure needed to extract Espresso capsule machine (orangebookmarks.com). The pressure is built by pumping water through a heat exchanger and then through the ground coffee.

Pumps are typically cheaper and last longer than piston-driven machines. However, both types of machines may degrade due to overuse and insufficient cleaning. Pumps are also more complicated mechanically, and can add to the cost of even the simplest models.

Certain espresso machines remove the pump entirely and utilize steam pressure to make espresso. The drawback is that the same boiler that produces steam also increases the temperature of the water to the point of boiling which could lead to excessive extraction. They also have to constantly rebuild their pressure between cups. This takes energy and time.

Many espresso machines make use of the rotary or vibration pump, which is a vibration model using a vibrating disc that generates the pressure, and a rotary model pushing hot water through the grounds under high speed. Both machines can make great espresso, however rotary machines are quieter, more durable and less likely to break.

The Boiler

The boiler is the one that will heat the water to the perfect temperature to extract. The resulting steam is then transferred to the portafilter containing the ground espresso coffee and is then pumped into the cup. The steam is able to create enough pressure to push the coffee grounds through. This creates a layer crema that is then poured over. This is one of the hallmarks of a great espresso.

There are three distinct types of espresso machines, each having different types of pumps and the temperature of the brew. There are various ways in which the brew could be controlled, as well as the dimensions of the cup the machine is capable of making.

The first espresso machines were steam-based. The earliest espresso machines were steam types. This resulted in the coffee tasting bitter and burnt. This is why Milanese manufacturers Luigi Bezzerra and Desiderio Pavoni developed the modern espresso machine.

The most popular italian espresso machines machine is a semiautomatic that has an electric pump. When people think of espresso machines, they imagine these machines. Semi-automatic machines require you to grind and tamp the beans on your own while the pump controls the water flow and pressure. This is a great compromise between the human touch and the mechanized consistency.

The Filter

Typically, espresso machines use filters that separate the grounds of coffee when they pass through the hot water. The filter is also a vital element of the machine's temperature control, since it helps to prevent overheating.

A filter can also help with flavor since it allows for the beans to flower for a longer period of time. This allows the beans to release their flavors, and allows for better extraction.

However, it is important to keep in mind that even a high-quality filter can produce a bad cup of coffee, because the quality of the beans and extraction are important.

It's here that the magic takes place. This is what makes espresso taste so good. The grouphead, often called the brewhead, is where the portafilter (the container you place the ground coffee into) is located when you're making espresso.

Steam-driven espresso machines use hot water heated in an airtight container to make steam. The steam then moves hot water through the grounds of coffee at high pressure. They are less expensive and easier for the owner to maintain than pumps-driven models. They are however limited in their ability to create the ideal conditions for brewing, as they operate with 1-1.5 bar of pressure. The perfect shot requires 9-10 bars.

In recent years, compressed air pump-driven pro espresso machine machines have become more popular. They utilize an air compressor to force hot water through the ground, and are more mobile than electric steam-driven espresso machines.