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Coffee Bean Types: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica, and Excelsa

If you're a coffee enthusiast, you likely already know that different kinds of beans have different flavor profiles. Learn more about four of the most popular varieties: Arabica, Robusta, Liberica and Excelsa.

Excelsa beans, a type Liberica which is grown exclusively in Southeast Asia. They have a sweeter and tarter flavor, and are often used in blends of coffee to enhance the flavor.

Arabica

Arabica is the world's most popular coffee, making up 75% of the world's coffee beans produced. Arabica beans are milder and have a sweeter flavor than Robusta. They are available in a variety profiles. The flavor and aroma of coffee is affected by the conditions under which it is grown as well as the processing methods used.

The word 'bulk coffee beans' actually is derived from the Arabic word for berry, and coffee beans are fruit seeds that grow in bright red berries. It is believed that the ancient Ethiopian shepherds realized that their goats were more energetic after eating the berries, and the cultivation of coffee quickly was a global phenomenon.

Coffee beans can be grown at higher altitudes and are able to thrive when exposed to cool temperatures and plenty of rain. This is one of the main reasons that Arabica is regarded as the best-tasting type of coffee.

Many specialty top 10 coffee beans roasters and shops concentrate on sourcing their arabica beans ethically and focusing on fair pay for farmers as well as sustainable growing practices. These companies typically blend arabica beans to make unique specialty coffee beans coffees that work well with various brewing methods. Blending allows control over the aroma, taste and body as well as acidity of coffee. It is often preferred to achieve a consistent and balanced flavor that appeals to a wider market.

Robusta

Robusta beans (Coffea canephora) are the second most commonly used variety of coffee bean that is grown worldwide. They have more caffeine per bean and are more resistant against pests and diseases. They also contain higher levels of chlorogenic acids, which are naturally occurring antioxidants. However, these acids could cause oxidation during the process of brewing coffee and may result in undesirable flavors.

The plant is more robust than the arabica and may grow in less favorable environments. It is tolerant of warmer temperatures and thrives in direct sunlight. It is faster growing and produces more coffee per plant than arabica, which makes it a cheaper crop to cultivate.

While it may seem counterintuitive, Robusta beans are often combined with arabica to create coffee blends. If you see the names of countries such as Uganda or Kenya listed on a bag of coffee, it's likely that there's some robusta in there too.

Although some roasters exclusively use arabica beans, most do a mix of the two varieties to reduce costs and maintain quality. To ensure the integrity of the flavor it is recommended to select an excellent bean from a reliable source. The best way to do this is to buy your beans directly from the farmer.

Liberica

Liberica beans have a shape similar to a football, which is what makes them distinct from other coffee beans. They have a smell that is fruity, floral and smokey. They are paired with other types of coffee beans to give them a richer and more robust taste.

Liberica coffee beans are found in West Africa, Malaysia (Borneo) and Southeast Asia. They can thrive in low altitudes and tolerate humid, hot climates. They are also more resistant to diseases than Arabica or Robusta.

These characteristics make them ideal for home-growing. You can purchase the seeds from various sources. However, it is best to purchase the beans from local producers to ensure high-quality. The ideal conditions for growing Liberica coffee are fertile deep volcano soils with moderately acidic, and enough annual rainfall.

Excelsa is a different kind of coffee bean. It was originally classified as a separate species, but has now been classified as a Liberica variant. These coffee beans are ovals that are cultivated on 20 to 30-foot coffee beans Types - historydb.date - plants that are situated at medium altitudes. They have a distinctive taste that is both fruity and tart that makes them a popular option in blends made by home. They have a lighter aroma and higher caffeine content that is less than Arabica or Robusta but they do have a distinctive depth of flavor.

Excelsa

Although they're the fourth most sought-after type of coffee beans Excelsa beans aren't so easy to locate as Arabica or Robusta. In fact, they were considered distinct species of coffee beans in bulk until 2006 when they were reclassified as a synonym for Coffea liberica var. dewevrei. Currently, they're cultivated primarily in Southeast Asia and account for 7 percent of the world's production of coffee. The beans are distinctive with a teardrop-shaped shape and possess an intriguing dark flavor. They are often blended to add extra body and a luscious tart, ripe fruit flavor.

Arabica beans are the most popular and are renowned for their an apricot-like flavor. They thrive in tropical, warm climates and high altitudes. They also have a hint of acidity. If brewed and roasted correctly, they can have notes like chocolate, nuts or even fruit.

Robusta is an extremely close second to Arabica and makes up around 40 percent of the world's coffee. Robusta beans are rounder and smaller, but they have more caffeine than Arabica. They are also bitterer than the other two types and have an earthy, woody flavor.

Now that you've learned the four most commonly used types of coffee beans and the four most popular types of coffee beans wholesale suppliers beans, it's time to select your perfect brew. If you want a smooth mild flavor, go for an arabica or a blend of robusta and arabica beans.